✨ Advanced Laboratory Service & Diagnostic Excellence in Sonipat

When kidneys fail in critical illness, our advanced dialysis capabilities provide essential life support. Our renal replacement therapy services in the ICU ensure continuous kidney function support for critically ill patients.

What is Renal Replacement Therapy?
Dialysis in the ICU setting is a life-saving procedure that artificially performs kidney functions when the kidneys are unable to filter waste products and maintain fluid balance. Our critical care unit offers multiple forms of dialysis tailored to each patient’s hemodynamic stability.

• Intermittent Hemodialysis (IHD): Traditional dialysis performed 3-4 times weekly for stable ICU patients
• Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT): 24-hour continuous dialysis for hemodynamically unstable patients
• Sustained Low-Efficiency Dialysis (SLED): Hybrid approach combining benefits of both IHD and CRRT
• Peritoneal Dialysis: Alternative method using the peritoneal membrane for filtration
• Plasmapheresis: Plasma exchange for specific autoimmune and toxin-related conditions
• Hemoperfusion: Blood purification for severe poisoning and drug overdose cases

• Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients
• Chronic kidney disease acute exacerbations
• Severe electrolyte imbalances (hyperkalemia, severe acidosis)
• Fluid overload with pulmonary edema
• Drug overdose and poisoning requiring blood purification
• Sepsis-associated kidney dysfunction
• Rhabdomyolysis with myoglobin clearance
• Tumor lysis syndrome
• Hepatorenal syndrome

Immediate Dialysis Required If You Experience:

• Severe confusion or altered consciousness
• Difficulty breathing due to fluid overload
• Dangerous potassium levels on blood tests
• Severe nausea and vomiting with kidney failure
• Significant reduction in urine output
• Swelling throughout the body

A. Comprehensive Kidney Function Assessment:

• 24-hour urine output monitoring
• Serial renal function blood tests (creatinine, BUN, electrolytes)
• Acid-base balance evaluation
• Fluid balance charting

B. Integrated Kidney Support Care:

• Nephrotoxic medication avoidance protocols
• Hemodynamic optimization to preserve kidney function
• Electrolyte correction and monitoring
• Nutritional support for kidney recovery

C. Advanced Dialysis Capabilities:

• CRRT machines for 24/7 continuous dialysis
• Modern hemodialysis equipment with biocompatible membranes
• Dialysis access management (temporary catheters, fistula care)
• Anticoagulation protocols for safe dialysis
• Post-dialysis monitoring and assessment

• Expert Nephrology Collaboration: Dedicated nephrologists providing specialized kidney care in ICU setting
• Advanced CRRT Capability: Continuous dialysis available 24/7 for unstable patients
• Experienced Dialysis Nurses: Specialized training in critical care dialysis procedures
• Comprehensive Monitoring: Continuous assessment of kidney function and dialysis adequacy

🌟Immediate Action for Kidney Emergencies
Acute kidney failure in critical illness requires prompt intervention. Our ICU team provides immediate renal replacement therapy when your kidneys need support to recover.

Consult our critical care and nephrology specialists at Primax Gastro Institute & Super Speciality Hospital [9666460009] for urgent kidney support services.

Understanding your body’s circulation in real-time allows us to make life-saving decisions with precision. Our advanced haemodynamic monitoring systems provide continuous cardiovascular assessment for critically ill patients.

What is Haemodynamic Monitoring?
This sophisticated technology continuously measures and analyzes how blood flows through your body, including heart function, blood pressure in various chambers, oxygen delivery to tissues, and fluid status. This information guides our intensivists in optimizing your cardiovascular support.

• Non-Invasive Monitoring: Continuous blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and cardiac output measurement without inserting catheters
• Arterial Line Monitoring: Real-time beat-to-beat blood pressure measurement through arterial catheter
• Central Venous Pressure (CVP) Monitoring: Assessment of right heart pressures and fluid status
• Pulmonary Artery Catheter (Swan-Ganz): Comprehensive cardiac output and pulmonary pressure monitoring
• Echocardiography-Guided Assessment: Ultrasound-based cardiac function evaluation at bedside
• Advanced Cardiac Output Monitoring: Technologies like PiCCO, FloTrac for precise cardiac function assessment

• Severe sepsis and septic shock
• Cardiogenic shock and acute heart failure
• Major surgery (cardiac, vascular, major abdominal)
• Trauma with significant blood loss
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• Pulmonary embolism
• Severe hypertensive emergencies
• Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome
• Burns and extensive injuries

Haemodynamic Monitoring Indicated When You Experience:

• Severe low blood pressure not responding to fluids
• Signs of poor tissue perfusion (cold extremities, low urine output)
• Shock state from any cause
• Need for multiple vasopressor medications
• Complex fluid management requirements
• Unclear cause of cardiovascular instability

A. Comprehensive Cardiovascular Assessment:

• Continuous vital signs monitoring (heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation)
• ECG telemetry for cardiac rhythm surveillance
• Serial cardiac biomarker measurements
• Bedside echocardiography for structural assessment

B. Guided Cardiovascular Support:

• Precise fluid therapy based on monitoring data
• Vasopressor and inotrope titration for optimal perfusion
• Early goal-directed therapy protocols
• Individualized treatment targets based on real-time data

C. Advanced Technologies for Precision Care:

• Latest generation invasive monitoring systems
• Cardiac output trending and analysis
• Oxygen delivery calculation and optimization
• Continuous assessment of treatment response

• Expertise in Critical Care Cardiology: Our team has extensive experience in managing complex cardiovascular instability
• State-of-the-Art Monitoring: Latest generation equipment for accurate haemodynamic assessment
• Real-Time Decision Making: Continuous data interpretation allowing immediate treatment adjustments
• Multidisciplinary Approach: Collaboration with cardiologists for complex cardiac cases

🌟Expert Cardiovascular Support When It Matters
Circulatory shock and cardiovascular instability require expert monitoring and management. Our ICU provides the advanced technology and expertise to optimize your cardiovascular function.

Consult our critical care specialists at Primax Gastro Institute & Super Speciality Hospital [9666460009] for advanced haemodynamic support.

When the brain is at risk, every minute counts. Our neurological monitoring capabilities provide comprehensive brain protection and stroke management in our critical care unit.

What is Neurological Monitoring?
This involves continuous assessment of brain function, intracranial pressure, and neurological status to detect changes early and prevent secondary brain injury. Our ICU team specializes in managing critical neurological emergencies with advanced monitoring technology.

• Clinical Neurological Assessment: Regular Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) evaluation and detailed neurological examination
• Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Monitoring: Direct measurement of pressure inside the skull for severe brain injury
• Continuous EEG Monitoring: Brain wave monitoring for seizure detection and brain function assessment
• Transcranial Doppler: Ultrasound-based assessment of blood flow to the brain
• Pupillometry: Automated pupil size and reaction monitoring
• Brain Tissue Oxygen Monitoring: Direct measurement of oxygen delivery to brain tissue

• Acute ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke
• Traumatic brain injury (severe head trauma)
• Subarachnoid hemorrhage and brain aneurysm rupture
• Status epilepticus (prolonged seizures)
• Brain infections (meningitis, encephalitis)
• Post-cardiac arrest brain injury
• Brain tumors with increased pressure
• Metabolic encephalopathy
• Guillain-Barré syndrome

Immediate ICU Admission Required If You Experience:

• Sudden severe headache (“worst headache of life”)
• Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of body
• Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
• Loss of consciousness or altered mental status
• Severe head injury with confusion
• Seizures that don’t stop
• Sudden vision loss or double vision
• Severe dizziness with inability to walk

A. Comprehensive Neuro-Critical Assessment:

• Immediate CT and MRI brain imaging capability
• 24/7 neurology and neurosurgery consultation
• Advanced neurological monitoring systems
• Serial neurological examinations by trained intensivists

B. Evidence-Based Brain Protection Protocols:

• Stroke thrombolysis (clot-busting) within golden window
• Neuroprotective strategies to minimize brain damage
• Seizure management and prevention protocols
• Intracranial pressure management for brain swelling
• Temperature management for brain protection

C. Advanced Interventions for Brain Emergencies:

• Mechanical thrombectomy coordination for large vessel stroke
• Neurosurgical intervention when indicated
• Continuous sedation protocols for brain rest
• Hyperosmolar therapy for brain edema
• Management of cerebral vasospasm

• Dedicated Stroke Protocol: Fast-track pathway from emergency to intervention within minutes
• Neurosurgical Collaboration: On-call neurosurgeons available 24/7 for surgical emergencies
• Advanced Neuromonitoring: Latest technology for brain protection
• Specialized Nursing: ICU nurses trained in neurological assessment and monitoring

🌟Immediate Action for Brain Emergencies
Brain emergencies like stroke and severe head injury require immediate specialized care. Our ICU team follows time-sensitive protocols to maximize brain recovery.

For stroke and neurological emergencies, call our emergency line immediately [9666460009] or reach our ICU directly. Time is brain!

Our ICU specializes in managing the most complex critical conditions requiring multi-organ support. From life-threatening infections to multiple organ failure, our expert team provides comprehensive intensive care.

Understanding Sepsis: Sepsis is the body’s extreme response to infection, leading to widespread inflammation and potential organ failure. It’s one of the leading causes of ICU admission and requires immediate aggressive treatment.

• Sepsis: Life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated response to infection
• Severe Sepsis: Sepsis with organ dysfunction (kidney injury, liver failure, respiratory failure)
• Septic Shock: Severe sepsis with dangerously low blood pressure requiring vasopressor support
• Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS): Failure of two or more organ systems

• Pneumonia and respiratory infections
• Urinary tract infections progressing to urosepsis
• Abdominal infections (peritonitis, appendicitis)
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Bloodstream infections (bacteremia)
• Post-surgical infections
• Infected wounds or burns

Sepsis Warning Signs (Seek Immediate Care):

• High fever (>101°F) or very low temperature (<96.8°F)
• Rapid heart rate (>90 beats/minute)
• Rapid breathing (>20 breaths/minute)
• Confusion or disorientation
• Extreme pain or discomfort
• Clammy or sweaty skin
• Very low blood pressure

A. Rapid Sepsis Identification:

• Sepsis screening protocols in emergency department
• Immediate blood cultures and infection source identification
• Lactate measurement and serial monitoring
• Rapid imaging to locate infection source

B. Aggressive Early Treatment (Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines):

• Broad-spectrum antibiotics within first hour
• Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation
• Vasopressor support for blood pressure maintenance
• Source control (surgical drainage, abscess removal)

C. Comprehensive Organ Support:

• Mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure
• Dialysis for acute kidney injury
• Blood product transfusion when needed
• Nutritional support and metabolic care

Breathing is essential to life. When your lungs can’t provide your body with enough oxygen or remove carbon dioxide, it’s a medical emergency known as acute respiratory failure. This condition requires immediate, specialized support from our critical care team at Primax Hospital.

What Causes Respiratory Failure?
This critical condition occurs when the lungs fail their basic duty of exchanging gases. This can be caused by a severe infection (like pneumonia), fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), a widespread lung injury (ARDS), or a sudden worsening of a chronic lung disease like COPD.

• Type 1 (Hypoxemic): Dangerously low oxygen in the blood. Often caused by conditions filling air sacs with fluid, like pneumonia or ARDS.
• Type 2 (Hypercapnic): Dangerously high carbon dioxide in the blood. Common in COPD flare-ups or neuromuscular disorders.
• Mixed Failure: Both low oxygen and high carbon dioxide.

• Severe shortness of breath or feeling of suffocation
• Gasping for air
• Bluish tint to skin, lips, or fingernails (cyanosis)
• Rapid, shallow breathing
• Extreme confusion, drowsiness, or loss of consciousness
• Anxiety or restlessness

• Sudden, severe difficulty breathing
• Inability to speak in full sentences
• Feeling like you’re about to pass out
• Rapid worsening of a chronic lung condition

Precise Diagnosis at Primax:

• Arterial Blood Gas (ABG): Measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in your blood.
• Chest X-ray & CT Scan: Identify underlying causes such as pneumonia or fluid.
• Pulmonary Function Tests: Assess lung capacity once stable.

Immediate Life Support:

• High-Flow Oxygen Therapy: Delivering more oxygen than standard masks.
• Non-Invasive Ventilation (BiPAP/CPAP): Supports breathing without intubation.

Advanced Ventilatory Support:

• Mechanical Ventilation: Life support via breathing tube (intubation) allowing lungs to rest and heal.

Treating the Cause: Administering targeted antibiotics for pneumonia, diuretics for fluid overload, or other specialized therapies.

Gradual Weaning: Our team monitors and reduces ventilator support as your lung function recovers.

• Expert Intensivists: Critical care specialists and pulmonologists available 24/7.
• State-of-the-Art Ventilators: Advanced respiratory support technology for all types of failure.
• Multidisciplinary Team: Coordinated care from respiratory therapists, critical care nurses, and physicians.

🌟 Take the Next Step for Your Health
Severe difficulty breathing is a serious warning sign. Get evaluated immediately at Primax Hospital. Call [9666460009] or come to our emergency department for life-saving care.

Understanding Liver Failure: Sudden loss of liver function (acute) or worsening of chronic liver disease (decompensated), leading to life-threatening complications.

• Hepatic encephalopathy (brain dysfunction from toxin accumulation)
• Coagulopathy (severe bleeding tendency)
• Ascites and fluid overload
• Hepatorenal syndrome
• Variceal bleeding (ruptured esophageal veins)
• Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

• Viral hepatitis (Hepatitis A, B, E)
• Drug-induced liver injury (acetaminophen overdose)
• Alcohol-related liver disease
• Autoimmune hepatitis
• Cirrhosis complications
• Vascular liver disorders

Precise Diagnosis at Primax:

• Comprehensive Blood Tests: Immediate liver function panels, clotting times (INR), and ammonia levels.
• Advanced Imaging: Ultrasound and CT scans to assess liver structure, blood flow, and look for ascites.
• Cause Identification: Testing for viruses, toxins, and autoimmune markers.

Targeted ICU Therapies:

• Hepatic Encephalopathy Treatment: Medications (like Lactulose and Rifaximin) to reduce toxin buildup in the brain.
• Coagulation Correction: Administering fresh frozen plasma (FFP), Vitamin K, and other clotting factors to prevent or stop bleeding.
• Fluid & Electrolyte Management: Carefully managing ascites with diuretics or drainage (paracentesis) while protecting kidney function.
• Infection Prevention: Proactive monitoring and antibiotics, as liver failure patients are highly susceptible to infections.
• Liver Transplant Coordination: Collaboration with leading transplant centers for eligible patients.

• Expert Hepatologists: Gastroenterologists and hepatologists specializing in critical liver disease.
• 24/7 Critical Care: Continuous monitoring and support for multi-organ complications.
• Comprehensive Support: Management of bleeding, brain dysfunction, kidney support, and other complications.

🌟 Take the Next Step for Your Liver Health
Liver symptoms like jaundice or confusion are serious. Do not ignore them. Get evaluated by our experts at Primax Hospital. Consult our specialists at Primax Gastro Institute & Super Speciality Hospital [9666460009] or contact us for an urgent evaluation.

When the heart’s pumping ability suddenly worsens, it can lead to a life-threatening backup of fluid in the lungs and body. This is acute heart failure, and it requires immediate, intensive care intervention to support the heart and restore balance.

What Causes Acute Heart Failure? This can be a sudden, severe worsening of chronic heart failure (decompensation) or a new event caused by a heart attack, severe high blood pressure, a faulty heart valve, or a heart rhythm problem. The heart becomes too weak or too stiff to pump blood effectively.

• Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: Chronic symptoms suddenly become severe.
• Cardiogenic Shock: Heart fails severely, causing low blood pressure and organ failure.
• Acute Pulmonary Edema: Rapid lung fluid accumulation causing extreme shortness of breath.
• Right Heart Failure: Right side fails, causing fluid backup in the body (leg/abdominal swelling).

• Severe shortness of breath, especially when lying down
• Waking up suddenly at night, gasping for air
• Coughing up pink, frothy sputum (pulmonary edema)
• Chest pain or pressure
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)
• Severe swelling in legs, ankles, or abdomen
• Confusion or dizziness from poor brain perfusion

• Sudden, severe shortness of breath that doesn’t go away
• Chest pain combined with breathlessness and swelling
• Coughing up pink foam
• Feeling faint or losing consciousness

Precise Diagnosis at Primax:

• Immediate ECG & Echocardiogram: Check for heart attacks, rhythm problems, and heart pumping function.
• Blood Tests: Cardiac enzymes and BNP to evaluate heart failure.
• Chest X-ray: Detect fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema).

Immediate Relief Medications:

• Diuretic Therapy (IV): Quickly removes excess fluid from lungs and body.
• Vasodilator Support (IV): Medications like nitroglycerin to reduce heart workload.
• Inotropic Medications (IV): Drugs like Dobutamine or Milrinone to improve heart contractility.

Advanced Procedures for Severe Cases:

• Mechanical Circulatory Support: For patients not responding to medications.
• Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP): Helps the heart pump more blood efficiently.
• Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs): Mechanical pumps to support failing hearts, often as bridge to recovery or transplant.
• Advanced Cardiac Care: Coordination with cardiologists for angioplasty, valve surgery, or transplant evaluation.

• 24/7 Cardiology Support: Intensivists work side-by-side with expert cardiologists.
• Advanced Hemodynamic Monitoring: Specialized tools continuously monitor heart function and blood pressure.
• Full Spectrum of Support: From life-saving medications to advanced mechanical heart pumps.

🌟 Take the Next Step for Your Heart Health
Do not ignore sudden shortness of breath or chest pain. This could be acute heart failure. Get evaluated immediately at Primax Hospital [9666460009] or visit our emergency department.

A brain stroke (either a clot or a bleed) is a “brain attack” that cuts off blood flow and oxygen, killing brain cells every minute. Time is brain. Our Neuro-Critical Care unit is dedicated to rapid diagnosis and intervention to minimize brain damage and maximize recovery.

What Causes a Stroke? A stroke happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced. This deprives brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients, causing cells to die within minutes.

• Ischemic Stroke (Clot): Most common type, caused by a blood clot blocking an artery in the brain.
• Hemorrhagic Stroke (Bleed): Blood vessel in the brain leaks or bursts (aneurysm or high blood pressure).
• Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): A “mini-stroke” caused by a temporary clot; warning sign of a major stroke.

• B – Balance: Sudden loss of balance or coordination
• E – Eyes: Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
• F – Face: One side drooping or numb
• A – Arms: Weakness/numbness in one arm; unable to raise both arms evenly
• S – Speech: Slurred speech, difficulty speaking, or understanding
• T – Time: Call emergency services immediately
• Other Sign: Sudden, severe headache (“worst headache of your life”), often with a hemorrhage

• Sudden, severe headache unlike any you’ve ever had
• ANY of the B.E.F.A.S.T. symptoms, even if they go away

Precise Diagnosis at Primax (The “Golden Window”):

• Immediate CT Scan: Shows if stroke is a bleed or clot, which determines treatment.
• Advanced Imaging (MRI/Angiography): Pinpoints location of clot or bleed and assesses brain tissue.

Time-Sensitive “Clot-Busting” Therapy (Ischemic Stroke):

• Thrombolysis (tPA): Clot-busting drug administered within the golden window (3–4.5 hours) to restore blood flow.
• Mechanical Thrombectomy: Minimally invasive procedure to remove large clots.

Hemorrhage (Bleed) Management:

• Blood Pressure Control: Aggressively lower BP to reduce further bleeding.
• Reversing Blood Thinners: Immediate medications to reverse anticoagulants.
• Surgical Intervention: Neurosurgical procedures to clip aneurysm, remove hematoma, or relieve brain pressure.

Preventing Secondary Brain Injury:

• Continuous monitoring of brain pressure (ICP), oxygen, and seizures
• Supportive care: Controlling fever, blood sugar, and blood pressure

• “Code Stroke” Protocol: Emergency team trained for immediate brain imaging and neurologist consultation 24/7
• Neuro-Intensivists: Critical care doctors focused on brain and spine injuries
• Comprehensive Team: Neurologists, neurosurgeons, and rehabilitation therapists

🌟 Take the Next Step: ACT F.A.S.T.
If you or a loved one shows any sign of a stroke, do not drive. Call an ambulance immediately. Time is brain. Our emergency department at Primax Hospital [9666460009] is ready to act.

Severe COVID-19 is more than a flu; it’s a complex disease that can cause life-threatening respiratory failure, blood clots, and multi-organ complications. Our dedicated COVID-19 ICU is equipped with specialized staff and technology to manage the most critical patients.

What Causes Critical COVID-19? While many experience mild symptoms, some patients develop an overwhelming inflammatory response (a “cytokine storm”). This, combined with direct viral damage, leads to severe pneumonia, widespread blood clotting, and injury to the lungs, heart, kidneys, and brain.

• Severe Pneumonia: Requiring high-flow oxygen (often >10 L/min) to maintain saturation.
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Severe lung failure where lungs become stiff and filled with fluid.
• Respiratory Failure: Needing non-invasive (BiPAP) or invasive (mechanical) ventilation.
• Multi-Organ Dysfunction: Evidence of kidney failure, heart failure, or shock.
• Severe Blood Clots: Pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis.

• Severe difficulty breathing or gasping for air
• Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
• New confusion or inability to wake up
• Bluish lips or face (cyanosis)
• Low oxygen saturation (<90%) on a home pulse oximeter

• Struggling to breathe or shortness of breath at rest
• Oxygen levels consistently dropping below 92%
• Dizziness, fainting, or severe weakness
• Any new confusion

Precise Diagnosis at Primax:

• Rapid & RT-PCR Testing: To confirm infection.
• Inflammatory Markers: Blood tests (CRP, D-dimer, Ferritin) to gauge inflammation and clotting risk.
• CT Scan: To determine the extent of pneumonia (“ground-glass opacities”).

Specialized Isolation & Treatment:

• Dedicated COVID ICU: Negative-pressure rooms prevent spread, protecting patients and staff.
• Evidence-Based Protocols:
  • Antivirals (e.g., Remdesivir) to slow viral replication
  • Steroids (e.g., Dexamethasone) to calm the “cytokine storm”
  • Immunomodulators (e.g., Tocilizumab) for severe inflammation

Advanced Respiratory & Organ Support:

• Prone Positioning: Patients turned onto stomach to open lungs and improve oxygenation in ARDS.
• Anticoagulation: Preventative or therapeutic blood thinners to manage dangerous clots.
• Advanced Ventilatory Strategies: Lung-protective ventilator settings.
• ECMO: Machine fully takes over lung function in the most severe cases.
• Post-COVID Rehabilitation: Early ICU rehabilitation to regain strength and function.

• Specialized Protocols: Evidence-based treatments proven to save lives in critical COVID-19.
• Infection Control: Strict adherence to negative pressure rooms and full PPE.
• Experienced Team: Intensivists and respiratory therapists managing the most complex cases.

🌟 Take the Next Step
If you or a loved one is experiencing severe COVID-19 symptoms, seek help immediately. Our emergency department at Primax Hospital [9666460009] is ready to provide specialized care.

An accidental or intentional poisoning or drug overdose is a time-sensitive medical emergency. The substance can quickly overwhelm the body, leading to seizures, organ failure, or respiratory arrest. Our ICU team is trained in advanced toxicology and life support.

What Causes a Poisoning Emergency? This occurs when a person is exposed to a toxic substance—through ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact—in a dose large enough to cause harm. This can range from a child accidentally eating cleaning supplies to an intentional medication overdose.

• Medication Overdose: Sleeping pills (benzodiazepines), painkillers (acetaminophen, opioids), and psychiatric drugs.
• Pesticide & Insecticide Poisoning: e.g., Organophosphates causing cholinergic crisis.
• Alcohol & Methanol Toxicity: Including illicit or “toxic” alcohol.
• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: From faulty heaters or indoor generators.
• Snake Bites and Scorpion Stings: Requiring specific anti-venom.
• Caustic Substance Ingestion: e.g., bleach, drain cleaner causing severe burns.
• Heavy Metal Poisoning: e.g., lead, mercury.

• Altered consciousness or unconsciousness
• Seizures or abnormal movements
• Difficulty breathing
• Abnormal heart rhythms
• Extreme agitation or drowsiness
• Chemical burns around mouth

Precise Diagnosis at Primax:

• Rapid Triage: Identify the poison (if known) and bring the bottle or substance.
• Toxicology Screening: Comprehensive blood and urine tests to detect drugs or toxins.
• ECG & Cardiac Monitoring: To check for life-threatening heart rhythm disturbances.

Immediate Decontamination & Antidote Therapy:

• Activated Charcoal: Binds poison in the stomach to prevent absorption.
• Gastric Lavage: Stomach pumping for specific, recent ingestions.
• Antidote Administration: Stocked for specific toxins:
  • Naloxone (Narcan) for opioid overdose
  • N-acetylcysteine for acetaminophen overdose
  • Anti-venom for snake bites

Advanced Life Support & Elimination:

• Airway & Ventilatory Support: Intubation and mechanical ventilation for respiratory suppression.
• Enhanced Elimination: Hemodialysis or hemoperfusion to remove toxins from the blood.
• Supportive Organ Care: Managing seizures, low blood pressure, and kidney or liver failure.
• Psychiatric Evaluation: Compassionate consultation for intentional overdoses post-recovery.

• 24/7 Toxicology Consultation: Immediate access to experts.
• Stocked Antidotes: Life-saving antidotes for common poisonings.
• Advanced Elimination Technology: Dialysis and hemoperfusion on-site.

🌟 Take the Next Step in an Emergency:
If you suspect poisoning, act immediately. Call for an ambulance and bring the substance container to the Primax Hospital Emergency Department [9666460009].

Vomiting blood or seeing significant blood in the stool is a terrifying and life-threatening emergency. A gastrointestinal (GI) bleed can lead to shock and death if not treated rapidly. Our ICU and Gastroenterology teams work together to provide immediate resuscitation and intervention.

What Causes a GI Bleed? This is bleeding that occurs anywhere in the digestive tract. It can be caused by a peptic ulcer, rupture of enlarged veins in the esophagus (varices) from liver disease, inflammation (colitis), or tumors.

• Upper GI Bleed: Most common. Bleeding from the esophagus, stomach, or upper small intestine.
  Signs: Vomiting bright red blood, vomiting dark “coffee-ground” material, or black, tarry stools (melena).
  Causes: Peptic ulcers, varices, gastritis, or Mallory-Weiss tears.
• Lower GI Bleed: Bleeding from the colon or rectum.
  Signs: Passing bright red blood or maroon-colored stools.
  Causes: Diverticulosis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), polyps, or cancer.
• Variceal Bleeding: High-mortality upper GI bleed from ruptured esophageal varices, almost always due to advanced liver disease (cirrhosis).

• Vomiting blood (hematemesis)
• Black, tarry stools (melena)
• Passing large amounts of bright red blood from the rectum (hematochezia)
• Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting (syncope)
• Weakness and extreme fatigue
• Pale, cold, and clammy skin
• Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) and low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Confusion from severe blood loss (shock)

Any significant GI bleeding is a medical emergency.

Immediate Attention Needed If You Experience:

• Vomiting any amount of blood
• Passing black, tarry stools
• Passing large amounts of red blood in the stool
• Feeling dizzy or faint, especially when standing up

Precise Diagnosis at Primax:

• Immediate Resuscitation: IV fluids and blood transfusions to stabilize patients and treat shock.
• Emergency Endoscopy (EGD): Upper endoscopy to locate and treat the source of upper GI bleeds.
• Colonoscopy: To identify the source of lower GI bleeds once the patient is stable.

Immediate Relief Medications:

• Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): High-dose IV medications to reduce stomach acid and heal ulcers.
• Octreotide: Medication to reduce gut blood flow, especially for variceal bleeding.

Advanced Procedures to Stop Bleeding:

• Endoscopic Treatment:
  • Clipping: Tiny metal clips to close bleeding vessels.
  • Cauterization: Heat to seal the vessel.
  • Injection: Epinephrine to constrict the vessel.
  • Banding: Rubber bands for variceal bleeds to stop blood flow.
• Balloon Tamponade: Sengstaken-Blakemore tube to compress bleeding varices temporarily.
• Surgical Consultation: For massive bleeds not controlled by endoscopy, the surgical team is on standby.

• 24/7 Gastroenterology: Emergency endoscopy available round the clock.
• Massive Transfusion Protocol: ICU and blood bank ready for rapid transfusions.
• Specialized Variceal Care: Expert protocols for high-risk liver-related bleeding.

🌟 Take the Next Step in an Emergency:
Vomiting blood or severe bloody stool is a critical emergency. Come to the Primax Hospital Emergency Department [9666460009] immediately.

Life-threatening conditions related to pregnancy or gynecological health require a specialized, multidisciplinary approach. Our ICU is fully equipped to manage critical gynecological and obstetric emergencies, providing advanced support for both mother and baby.

What Causes a Gynecological Emergency? These are high-risk conditions that can cause massive bleeding (hemorrhage), severe high blood pressure, overwhelming infection (sepsis), or organ failure in women. They can arise during pregnancy, childbirth, or from a non-pregnant gynecological issue.

• Obstetric (Pregnancy-Related) Emergencies:
  • Severe Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: Dangerously high blood pressure causing seizures, stroke, and organ failure.
  • Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH): Severe, life-threatening bleeding after childbirth.
  • Amniotic Fluid Embolism: Rare catastrophic event causing respiratory failure and cardiac arrest.
  • Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Heart failure occurring in late pregnancy or post-delivery.
  • Sepsis: Overwhelming infection during or after pregnancy.
• Gynecological (Non-Pregnant) Emergencies:
  • Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy: Massive internal bleeding and shock.
  • Severe Pelvic Infections (PID / Septic Abortion): Leading to sepsis and shock.
  • Complications from Gynecological Surgery: Severe bleeding or organ injury.
  • Ovarian Torsion or Rupture: Internal bleeding and severe pain.

• During Pregnancy: Sudden severe headache, vision changes, severe abdominal pain, seizures.
• After Delivery: Heavy, uncontrolled bleeding (soaking >1 pad/hour), dizziness, fainting, fever.
• Any Woman: Sudden, severe pelvic or abdominal pain (especially one-sided), dizziness, fainting, vaginal bleeding.

• Any seizure during pregnancy
• Heavy, uncontrolled bleeding after childbirth
• Sudden, severe abdominal pain with dizziness or fainting

• Precise Diagnosis:
  • Immediate Ultrasound: Check for ectopic pregnancy, fetal well-being, or retained placental tissue.
  • Rapid Bloodwork: Blood counts, clotting factors, liver/kidney function (for preeclampsia).
  • Continuous Fetal Monitoring: Assessing baby’s heart rate and stress levels.
• Immediate Intervention:
  • Hemorrhage Protocol: Activate massive transfusion protocol for postpartum or ectopic hemorrhage.
  • Blood Pressure Management: IV medications (Labetalol, Hydralazine) to lower dangerously high BP.
  • Magnesium Sulfate: First-line treatment to prevent/treat seizures in eclampsia.
  • Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics: For any sign of sepsis or pelvic infection.
• Advanced Surgical & ICU Support:
  • Emergency Cesarean Section: 24/7 operating room availability for mother/baby safety.
  • Surgical Intervention: Manage ruptured ectopic pregnancy, ovarian torsion, or postpartum bleeding (e.g., hysterectomy as last resort).
  • ICU Support: Mechanical ventilation, BP support, dialysis if multi-organ failure occurs.

• 24/7 Obstetric & Gynecological Support: Specialists on-call and in-house at all times.
• Multidisciplinary Approach: Coordinated care by intensivists, obstetricians, anesthesiologists, neonatologists.
• Maternal-Fetal Specialists: Expert care for both mother and baby in high-risk situations.

🌟 Take the Next Step in an Emergency:
Do not delay care for severe pregnancy-related or gynecological symptoms. Come directly to the Primax Hospital Emergency Department [9666460009] for specialized, immediate care.

Understanding Pulmonary Embolism (PE): Life-threatening condition where blood clots travel to the lungs, blocking blood flow and potentially causing heart failure.

• Recent surgery or prolonged immobility
• Long flights or bed rest
• Cancer and chemotherapy
• Pregnancy and postpartum period
• Birth control pills or hormone therapy
• Previous clot history
• COVID-19 infection

• Sudden shortness of breath
• Sharp chest pain that worsens with breathing
• Rapid heart rate
• Coughing up blood
• Feeling lightheaded or fainting
• Leg pain or swelling (deep vein thrombosis)

• Immediate CT pulmonary angiography for diagnosis
• Risk stratification using cardiac biomarkers and echocardiography
• Anticoagulation therapy (heparin, novel anticoagulants)
• Thrombolytic therapy for massive PE
• Catheter-directed thrombolysis for selected cases
• IVC filter placement when anticoagulation is contraindicated
• Hemodynamic support and monitoring

• Expert Multi-Organ Support: Experienced in managing complex patients with multiple organ failures
• Evidence-Based Protocols: Treatment following international critical care guidelines
• 24/7 Specialist Availability: Immediate access to all subspecialties when needed
• Advanced Life Support: Full spectrum of critical care interventions from basic to most advanced

🌟 Emergency Critical Care Access
Critical medical conditions require immediate intensive care intervention. Our ICU team is ready 24/7 to provide life-saving support for any medical emergency.
For critical medical emergencies, call [9666460009] immediately or visit our emergency department. Every second counts in critical care.